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Python

basic

python 실행 python (py)
python 종료 ctrl + D or exit()
python file 실행 python sample.py, py sample.py
python 버전 확인 python -V, py -V

pip(legacy)

  • curl -O https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
  • sudo python get-pip.py

pip commands

  • pip --help
  • pip list
  • pip install virtualenv
  • pip uninstall virtualenv

uv

  • https://github.com/astral-sh/uv
  • An extremely fast Python package installer and resolver, written in Rust
  • 10-100x faster than pip
  • Drop-in replacement for pip, pip-tools, and virtualenv

install

bash
# macOS and Linux
curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh

# Windows
powershell -c "irm https://astral.sh/uv/install.ps1 | iex"

# With pip
pip install uv

# With brew (macOS)
brew install uv

uv commands

bash
# Install packages
uv pip install requests
uv pip install -r requirements.txt

# Create virtual environment
uv venv
uv venv venv  # with custom name

# Activate virtual environment
source .venv/bin/activate  # macOS/Linux
.venv\Scripts\activate     # Windows

# Install packages in virtual environment
uv pip install pandas numpy

# Freeze dependencies
uv pip freeze > requirements.txt

# Uninstall packages
uv pip uninstall requests

# List installed packages
uv pip list

# Sync dependencies (like pip-sync)
uv pip sync requirements.txt

uv features

  • Speed: 10-100x faster than pip
  • Disk space: Global cache to avoid re-downloading packages
  • Reliability: Written in Rust for memory safety
  • Compatibility: Drop-in replacement for pip commands
  • Resolution: Advanced dependency resolver

virtualenv (legacy)

  • closed env
  • virtualenv venv
  • source venv/bin/activate
  • deactivate

python3 (mac)

text
brew install python3
virtualenv -p python3 venv3
source venv3/bin/activate

python -V
deactivate

mac

  • Python is not installed as a framework issue?
  • vi ~/.matplotlib/matplotlibrc
text
backend: TkAgg

파일

문자열(String)

  • 문자열 포함
  • 문자열 위치
  • 문자열 추출

list(array)

  • 배열

scipy on windows

ref